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Truvada may cause the following serious side effects:
- Lactic acidosis (a buildup of lactic acid in the blood). Lactic acidosis can be a medical emergency and may need to be treated in the hospital. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have nausea, vomiting, unusual muscle pain and/or weakness.
- Serious liver problems called hepatotoxicity, with liver enlargement (hepatomegaly) and fat in the liver (steatosis). Call your healthcare provider right away if you have light-colored stools, dark-colored urine and/or if your skin or the whites of your eyes turn yellow.
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Flare-ups of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. If you have both HIV and HBV, your liver disease may suddenly get worse if you stop taking Truvada. Your healthcare provider will closely monitor your condition for several months if you discontinue Truvada and are infected with both HBV and HIV. Truvada is not for the treatment of HBV infection.
- Kidney problems. If you have had kidney problems or take other medicines that can cause kidney problems, your healthcare provider should perform regular blood tests to check your kidneys.
- Changes in bone mineral density (thinning bones). It is not known whether long-term use of Truvada will cause damage to your bones. If you have had bone problems in the past, your healthcare provider may need to perform tests to check your bone mineral density or may prescribe medicines to help your bone mineral density.
Changes in body fat or fat redistribution (lipodystrophy) have been seen in some patients taking Truvada and other anti-HIV medications. These changes may include increased amount of fat in the upper back and neck ("buffalo hump"), breast and around the main part of your body (trunk). Loss of fat from the legs, arms and face may also happen. The cause and long-term health effects of these conditions are not known at this time.
The most common side effects associated with Emtriva or Viread when taken in combination with other anti-HIV medications are dizziness, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, rash and gas. Skin discoloration (small spots or freckles) may also occur. Few people stop taking their anti-HIV drugs due to these side effects.
This list of side effects is not complete at this time because Truvada is still being studied. If you have questions about side effects, ask your healthcare provider. You should report any new or continuing symptoms to your healthcare provider right away. Your healthcare provider may be able to help you manage these side effects.
Patients should read the Patient Information, including "What is the most important information I should know about Truvada?". It is important that you discuss your treatment options and any questions that you may have with your healthcare provider.
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